A Social Accounting Matrix for Bolivia Featuring Formal and Informal Activities

This paper describes the construction of a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Bolivia for the year 1997. Three distinctive features render the SAM a useful starting point for distributional analyses. First, production in the agricultural and services sectSAM, structural adjustment programs, poverty, income distribution, Bolivia

How Right-Wing Populist Comments Affect Online Deliberation on News Media Facebook Pages

Right-wing populist user comments on social media are said to impair online deliberation. Right-wing populism’s anti-pluralist and conflict-centered message might hinder deliberative debates, which are characterized by reciprocity, arguments, sourcing, politeness, and civility. Although right-wing populism has been found to foster user interaction on social media, few empirical studies have examined its impact on the scope and deliberative quality of user debates. This study focuses on debates on 10 Facebook pages of Austrian and Slovenian mass media during the so-called "refugee crisis" of 2015–2016. Proceeding in two steps, we first analyze how right-wing populist user comments affect the number of reply comments using a dataset of N = 281,115 Facebook comments and a validated, automated content analysis. In a second step, we use a manual, quantitative content analysis to investigate how right-wing populist comments affect the deliberative quality of N = 1,413 reply comments. We test five hypotheses in carefully modeled regression analyses. Our findings show that right-wing populist comments trigger replies but impair their deliberative quality. People-centric comments decrease the probability of arguments in replies, and anti-immigrant comments spark incivility. Countering populism further increases impoliteness. We discuss our findings against the backdrop of an increasingly uncivil online public sphere and populism’s ambivalent relationship with democracy

Resource Speed Optimization for Two-Stage Flow-Shop Scheduling

Multiple resource co-scheduling algorithms and pipelined execution models are becoming increasingly popular, as they better capture the heterogeneous nature of modern architectures. The problem of scheduling tasks composed of multiple stages tied to different resources goes under the name of “flow-shop scheduling”. This problem, studied since the ’50s to optimize production plants, is known to be NP-hard in the general case. In this paper, we consider a specific instance of the flow-shop task model that captures the behavior of a two-resource (DMA-CPU) system. In this setting, we study the problem of selecting the optimal operating speed of either resource with the goal of minimizing power consumption while meeting schedulability constraints. We derive an algorithm that finds an exact solution to the problem in polynomial time, hence it is suitable for online operation even in the presence of variable real-time workload.CNS-1035736CNS-1219064CNS-1302563Ope

Digitale Nachlassverwaltung

Das Thema bedingungsloses Grundeinkommen hat in jüngster Zeit durch die Debatte über die Auswirkungen der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung und Automatisierung und die Frage, wie die digitale Dividende angemessen verteilt werden kann, an besonderer Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen

Parachute Compartment Drop Test Vehicle for Testing the Crew Exploration Vehicle's Parachute Assembly System

Though getting astronauts safely into orbit and beyond has long been one of NASA?s chief goals, their safe return has always been equally as important. The Crew Exploration Vehicle?s (CEV) Parachute Assembly System (CPAS) is designed to safely return astronauts to Earth on the next-generation manned spacecraft Orion. As one means for validating this system?s requirements and testing its functionality, a test article known as the Parachute Compartment Drop Test Vehicle (PC-DTV) will carry a fully-loaded yet truncated CPAS Parachute Compartment (PC) in a series of drop tests. Two aerodynamic profiles for the PC-DTV currently exist, though both share the same interior structure, and both have an Orion-representative weight of 20,800 lbf. Two extraction methods have been developed as well. The first (Cradle Monorail System 2 - CMS2) uses a sliding rail technique to release the PC-DTV midair, and the second (Modified DTV Sled; MDS) features a much less constrained separation method though slightly more complex. The decision as to which aerodynamic profile and extraction method to use is still not finalized. Additional CFD and stress analysis must be undertaken in order to determine the more desirable options, though at present the "boat tail" profile and the CMS2 extraction method seem to be the favored options in their respective categories. Fabrication of the PC-DTV and the selected extraction sled is set to begin in early October 2010 with an anticipated first drop test in mid-March 2011

Efficient Mid-Fidelity Aerodynamic Modeling of a Tilt-Wing eVTOL for Control Applications

Urban and regional air mobility have the potential to become important modes of transportation in the future and thus currently attract a lot of attention. Tilt-wing electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles (eVTOLs) appear to be especially suited in this context as they combine hover capability with efficient cruise flight. However, the development and validation of control concepts require a reasonably accurate yet performant aerodynamic model of the aircraft. In order to obtain representative aerodynamic models of eVTOL aircraft at comparatively low efforts and equipment demands, this work adapts the sequential rapid aero modeling (RAM) process using a mid-fidelity numerical tool DUST. Design of experiment and mid-fidelity numerical simulation reduce the computational cost of aerodynamic data generation. Stepwise regression is used to fit the data into a coefficient model. In addition to the total aero-propulsive model, an aerodynamic model decoupled from propulsion forces and moments is identified. The latter is simplified by assuming that the influence of the rotors on the aerodynamic forces and moments depends solely on the thrust. The process is demonstrated on a tandem tilt-wing configuration similar to the Airbus A3 Vahana, where an aero-propulsive model is efficiently identified. Moreover, a model decoupled from the propulsion forces and moments is obtained. For evaluation, an analysis of aero-propulsive coefficients and a trim study are performed. Two ways to achieve a steady-state transition trajectory are proposed, each using a combination of differential thrust and differential tilt